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AIFA: cresce la spesa farmaceutica, nel 2023 sfiora i 22 miliardi

La spesa farmaceutica italiana continua a crescere. Secondo i primi dati, ancora provvisori, diffusi dall’Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (Aifa), nel 2023 il valore complessivo della spesa in medicinali è stato pari a 21,823 miliardi, circa 1 miliardo e mezzo in più rispetto al 2022 quando era stata di 20,496 miliardi.

L’incremento della spesa, come avviene ormai da anni, è completamente ascrivibile ai farmaci ospedalieri (i cosiddetti acquisti diretti), per i quali il servizio sanitario nazionale ha speso 13,739 miliardi (rispetto ai 12,479 del 2022). Questa cifra, che rappresenta il 10,79 del fondo sanitario nazionale, ha comportato uno sforamento di oltre 3,3 miliardi rispetto ai tetti di spesa stabiliti per questa classe di farmaci. Salvo interventi normativi, lo sforamento sarà in parte a carico delle aziende farmaceutiche attraverso il meccanismo del payback. Resta invece sotto il tetto la spesa la farmaceutica convenzionata (vale a dire i medicinali distribuiti in farmacia). Nel 2023 è in calo dello 0,9% rispetto all’anno precedente e si attesta a 8,084 miliardi, con un avanzo di circa 830 milioni rispetto al tetto di spesa. È in leggera flessione anche la spesa a carico dei cittadini per i ticket o per sostenere la differenza rispetto al prezzo di riferimento nei casi in cui scelgono un medicinale a maggior costo: è stata 1,481 miliardi, l’1,3% in meno rispetto al 2022.

Aumenta, seppur di poco, il numero di ricette: 567 milioni. Per quel che riguarda l’uso di medicinali ottenuti in farmacia, in media gli italiani consumano 34,3 dosi pro-capite al mese, con un’importate variabilità regionale: si passa dalle 26,2 dosi della Provincia autonoma di Bolzano alle 39,6 della Calabria. La Calabria è anche quella in cui c’è la più alta compartecipazione del cittadino alla spesa per farmaci: in media 2,2 euro al mese rispetto a 1 euro di Bolzano e Valle d’Aosta.

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